Feminism

In Peter Trudgill, J. Chambers & N. Schilling-Estes, eds., Handbook of Socio linguals. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 2001, pp. 638-668. lingual Outcomes of Language Contact Gillian Sankoff University of Pennsylvania 1.0 INTRODUCTION In to the highest degree every outlandish in the orb at the institution of the 21st century, linguistic minorities can be found. These have arisen both(prenominal) through immigration and through the adoption often, but non always, imposition of talking tos not previously not talk by local populations. though this has led in hundreds of cases to diction loss and to a decline of linguistic diversity (as record in the Wolfram chapter in this volume), language conform to is detonate of the fond fabric of usual life for hundreds of millions of people the world over. To what extent have these opposite historical and contemporary social processes produced different linguistic outcomes? The polar point here, almost in addition obvious perh aps to chastity stating, is that languages utter by bilinguals atomic number 18 often altered such(prenominal) that ensuing repositions differ from the results of internal processes of change within monolingual speech communities. In other words, languages utter by bilinguals massage on each other in various ways.

The goal of this chapter is to check up on work in sociolinguistics devoted to understanding what has happened to languages in contact, i.e., spoken by bilinguals (Weinreich 1968). The other chapters in this section (by Britten on distribution and Kers impart on koineization) deal with contact among speech varieties that are more closely related. However, some of ! the same processes involved in these cases will also be seen to operate across language boundaries the spreading of uvular (r) in a number of European languages is wiz well-known example (Trudgill 1974a; see also Tristram 1995). In this review, I will concentrate on research that, pursual Weinreich, (1) takes the speech community, quite than the individual, as its angle of vision; (2)...If you neediness to get a ripe essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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